NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPIES TO IMPROVE PATIENT SLEEP QUALITY IN ICU/CCU: LITERATURE REVIEW

Elfa Lailatul Izza

Elfa Lailatul Izza Faculty of Health Science, Merdeka University of Surabaya

Abstract

Background: Sleep is one of the basic human needs. Good sleep quality can improve repair of the disease. Sleep disorders are common in inpatient patients at CCU and ICU. The use of sedative and hypnotic medicines can significantly improve the quality of sleep, but can cause a wide range of side effects.Objectives: The purpose of this review literature compares some of the research results on non-pharmacological therapies (eye masks, earplugs, music therapy, switching off lights, environmental modifications) in improving sleep quality to determine the best nursing action and safe to overcome patient sleep disorders by literature review and followed the PRISMA statement guidelines.Design: Search the article using the PICO framework in the database.Data Sources: Data sources included four electronic databases: Google Scholar, EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus, MedLine, CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest, are limited to the last 10 years; 2007 to 2016Review Methods: Data synthesis with qualitative synthesis.Results: This article review obtained 13 international journals with RCT design and quasi-experiments. Improved sleep quality can be done in several ways; Eye mask use, earplugs, music therapy, exposure and sound reduction, the transfer of the treatment schedule outside the bedtime, and combinations.Conclusion: Review results show the most effective action locally applied to improve sleep quality i.e. lowering lighting and noise as well as switching of treatment schedules outside of bedtime as it is easy, safe, and not Require a fee. If the intervention has not been helped can be offered eye mask, earplugs, and or music according to the choice of patients, local culture, and facilities available in the hospital. Advanced research on patients outside the ICU/CCU with more sample counts, different age and condition characteristics, longer treatment duration, and using objective sleep quality gauge such as polysomnography. Key words: Eye mask, earplug, music, ICU/CCU, sleep quality.

References

Abolhassani SH. (2006). Effect of Sensory Stimulation on Sleep Deprivation Symptoms in Patients Admitted to Coronary Care Unit. Journal of Semnan Medical Sciences, 7(1-2):71-6.

Babaii, A., Adib-Hajbaghery, M., & Hajibagheri, A. (2015). Effect of Using Eye Mask on Sleep Quality in Cardiac Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nursing and Midwifery Studies, 4(4), e28332.

Daneshmandi, M., Neiseh, F., Sadeghi Shermeh, M., & Ebadi, A. (2012). Effect of Eye Mask On Sleep Quality In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome. Journal of Caring Sciences, 1(3), 135–43.

Dave, K., Qureshi, A., & Gopichandran, L. (2015). Effect of Earplugs and Eye Masks on Perceived Quality of Sleep during Night among Patients in Intensive Care Units. Asian Journal Nursing Education and Research, 5(3), 319-322.

Huang, H.-W., Zheng, B.-L., Jiang, L., Lin, Z.-T., Zhang, G.-B., Shen, L., & Xi, X.-M. (2015). Effect Of Oral Melatonin And Wearing Earplugs And Eye Masks On Nocturnal Sleep In Healthy Subjects In A Simulated Intensive Care Unit Environment: Which Might Be A More Promising Strategy For ICU Sleep Deprivation? Critical Care (London, England), 19(1),124.

Hu, Rong Fang, Jiang, X.Y., Hegadoren, K.M., & Zhang, Y.H. (2015). Effect Of Earplugs and Eye Mask Combine With Relaxing Music On Sleep, Melatonin, And Cortisol Level in ICU patients: a randomized contolled trial. Critical Care. 19,115.

Leland, N. E., et.al. (2014). What Is Occupational Therapy's Role In Addressing Sleep Problems Aming Older Adults. OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health. 34(3).

Li, S.Y., Wang, T.J., Vivienne Wu, S.F., Liang, S.Y., & Tung, H.H. (2011). Efficacy of Controlling Night-Time Noise and Activities to Improve Patient's Sleep Quality in a Surgical Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20, 396-407.

Mashayekhi, F., Arab, M., Pilevarzadeh, M., Amiri, M., & Rafiei, H. (2013). The Effect of Eye Mask on Sleep Quality in Patients of Coronary Care Unit. Sleep Science, 6 (3), 108-111.

Neyse, F., Daneshmandi, M., Sharme, M. S., & Ebadi, A. (2011). The effect of earplugs on sleep quality in patients with acute coronary syndrome, Journal Of Caring Sciences, 4(3), 127–134.

Ryu, M.J., Park, J.S., & Park, H. (2011). Effect of Sleep-Inducing Music on Sleep in Persons with Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angiography in the Cardiac Care Unit. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21, 728-735.

Scotto, C.J., McClusky, C., Spillan, S., & Kimmel, J. (2009). Earplugs Improve Patient’s Subjective Experience of Sleep in Critical Care. British Association of Critical Care Nurses, Nursing in Critical Care, 14(4), 180-184.

Yazdannik, A.R., Zareie, A., Hasanpour, M., & Kashefi, P. (2014). The Effect of Earplugs and Eye mask On Patients Perceived Sleep Quality in Intensive Care Unit. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 19(6), 673-678.